Current Trends in Islamist Ideology

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (R) with Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani as the new government is presented after the Iranian Revolution. (Photo by Alain Dejean/Sygma via Getty Images)

Mourners carry the coffins of slain Iraqi paramilitary chief Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis, Iranian military commander Qasem Soleimani and eight others during a funeral procession in Iraq on January 4, 2020. (Photo by MOHAMMED SAWAF/AFP via Getty Images)

Recep Tayyip Erdogan attends ''Vision 2023 Turkeys National Education Ministry'' meeting at Bestepe National Congress and Culture Center on October 23, 2018. ( Murat Kula/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images)

Image: Ahmad Iman Ali

People pray in mosque on February 8, 2011, Makhachkala, Dagestan Republic, Russia. (Oleg Nikishin/Epsilon/Getty Images)

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Iran's President Hassan Rouhani review the honor guard during official welcoming ceremony at Saadabad Palace in Tehran, Iran on April 7, 2015. (Anadolu Agency/Getty Images)

Students from an Islamic school walk near the Great Mosque of Sale near the capital of Rabat. (FADEL SENNA/AFP via Getty Images)

Nigerien soldiers patrol in Bosso, near the Nigerian border, where the army had been battling Boko Haram militants since February. (May 25, 2015 - ISSOUF SANOGO/Getty Images)

Syrian fighters attend a mock battle in anticipation of an attack by the regime on Idlib province during a graduation of new HTS members at a camp in the countryside of the northern Idlib province August 14, 2018. (Getty Images)

An Iranian woman walks past a mural painting of the Islamic republic's national flag in central Tehran on November 21, 2019.