This paper seeks to take stock of NAFTA’s advantages and accomplishments. By looking at what we have done right over the past two decades and building on lessons learned, we can create a framework for North American competitiveness and a map for trilateralism for the coming decades.

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US President Donald Trump reacts after signing executive orders imposing tariffs on imported goods in the Rose Garden at the White House on April 2, 2025, in Washington, DC. (Andrew Harnik via Getty Images)