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Black smoke rises from the area of Gazprom Neft’s Moscow oil refinery on the southeastern outskirts of Moscow on June 18, 2026. (Getty Images)
Africa
Africa
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(Screenshot via Fox News)
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(Screenshot via YouTube)
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President Donald Trump in the Cabinet Room of the White House on November 7, 2025, in Washington, DC. (Getty Images)
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Catholics gather for a mass at the Church of the Assumption in Lagos on April 21, 2025. (Getty Images)
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Pedestrians walk past the National Christian Church in the central business district of Abuja, Nigeria, on May 21, 2025. (Getty Images)
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A US Air Force B-52H Stratofortress prepares to land at Morón Air Base in Spain on November 8, 2025, as part of Bomber Task Force 26-1. (US Air Forces in Europe – Air Forces Africa)
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Screenshot via PBS Newshour
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A Nigerian soldier loads his machine gun during training in Monguno, Nigeria, on July 5, 2025. (Getty Images)
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Algerian border guards patrol the border with Morocco on November 4, 2021. (Getty Images)
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Experts
James Barnett
Research Fellow
Joshua Meservey
Senior Fellow
Zineb Riboua
Research Fellow, Center for Peace and Security in the Middle East
