Center on Europe and Eurasia

President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev, National Leader and Chairman of the People’s Council of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, and President of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev meet at a high-level trilateral summit in the Awaza National Tourism Zone of Turkmenistan on August 22, 2025. (Getty Images)

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy looks on during a joint press conference on August 13, 2025, in Berlin, Germany. (Getty Images)

Russia's President Vladimir Putin gives a speech during the Victory Day military parade at Red Square in central Moscow on May 9, 2025. (Vyacheslav Prokofyev via Getty Images)

A sunflower grows in front of a house damaged by a Russian drone attack in Dnipro, Ukraine. (Mykola Miakshykov via Getty Images)

President Donald Trump leads President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and other European leaders in the Cross Hall of the White House on August 18, 2025. (Aaron Schwartz via Getty Images)

President Donald Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy pose for a picture with European leaders following a meeting at the White House on August 18, 2025. (Win McNamee via Getty Images)

The Royal Navy type 23 frigate HMS Lancaster coming into Portsmouth Harbour on March 31, 2021. (Andrew Matthews via Getty Images)

US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin shake hands during a meeting on the sidelines of the G20 Summit in Hamburg, Germany, on July 7, 2017. (Saul Loeb via Getty Images)

Russia's President Vladimir Putin attends a flag-raising ceremony for the latest Project 955A (Borey-A) strategic nuclear-powered submarine Knyaz Pozharsky in Severodvinsk on July 24, 2025. (Alexander Kazakov via Getty Images)

Ukrainian military personnel control the unmanned ground vehicle platform Rys Pro equipped with a remote-controlled machine-gun turret during training on April 18, 2025, in an unspecified area of Ukraine. (Serhii Mykhalchuk via Getty Images)

US President Donald Trump listens to questions from reporters after speaking on economic data in the Oval Office on August 7, 2025, in Washington, DC. (Win McNamee via Getty Images)

The Kerch Bridge connecting Russia to occupied Crimea is seen on October 13, 2022. (Stringer via Getty Images)